Frequency of betel nut addiction in pregnant anaemic women and its impact on fetal outcome

Objective: To determine the frequency of betel nut addiction in pregnant anaemic women and to find out its association with adverse pregnancy outcome

Methodology: This observational study was conducted in the department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology unit 2 at Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences Jamshoro from January to June 2015. All the pregnant women admitted in ward or labour room for delivery with Hb% < 11gm/dl during the study period were included. Those having history of antepartum haemorrhage, preeclampsia, eclampsia, chorioamnionitis or any medical disorder except anaemia were excluded. The frequency of betel nut consumption was calculated. The frequency of addiction in different age groups, parity and population [rural/urban] was determined. The association of addiction with severity of anaemia and adverse fetal outcome [perinatal deaths, low birth weight infants, preterm deliveries] was also determined

Results: A total of 1700 women were included. Out of these, 1120 women [65.88%] were found having history of betel nut consumption. The frequency of addiction was highest in the age group of 25-35 [69.83%], para 2-5 [68.17%] and in women belonged from rural area [77.49%]. History of addiction was found in 66.15% [n = 260] cases of fetal death, 71% [n = 169] cases of low birth weight infants and 68.59% [n = 121] cases of preterm deliveries

Conclusion: It is concluded that betel nut consumption among pregnant women is very high in our community. It is also determined that these products are positively associated with adverse pregnancy outcome

Obstetrical acute renal failure; analysis and outcome of patients in tertiary care hospital

Background and Objective: Acute renal failure is one of serious complication in pregnancy, in first trimester is usually related to unregulated and septic miscarriage while in third trimester it is due to obstetric complications. This prospective case serious descriptive study was conducted to determine the frequency, etiology and outcome of patients suffering from acute renal failure

Settings: Department of Gynecology and Obstetric at Liaquat University Hospital Hyderabad

Duration: One year [from 1st June 2011 to 31st May 2012]

Patients and Methods: Patients admitted in labor room during antepartum, intrapartum or post partum period were scrutinized by history, clinical examination, and investigations. Those with urine output less than 50cc in 24 hours were defined as case of ARF. Predesigned proforma filled to analyze etiology and outcome of patients with acute renal failure

Results: Out of 3220 patients admitted, 35 patients presented with acute renal failure giving incidence of 1.080%. APH[28.57%], PPH[25.7%], P.sepsis [14.28%] and Hypertensive disorder[5.14%] were leading cause of ARF. 60% patients recovered from injury and mortality in these patients were 11.4%

Conclusions: Poor health care facilities and lack of quality antenatal healthcare clinics were the major identified causes

Maternal morbidity and mortality associated with puerperal sepsis

Objective: To identify frequency and risk factors in patients presenting with puerperal sepsis in tertiary care hospital

Study Design: Retrospective study

Place and Duration: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology [Unit-II] Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad, Sindh from June 2006 to May 2008

Methods: The frequency and predisposing factors were analyzed in patients presenting with puerperal sepsis in tertiary level hospital. Medical record of patients who fulfilled criteria of puerperal sepsis was scrutinized and data was entered in a predesigned proforma

Results: Over the study period 230 patients presented with puerperal sepsis representing 6.28% of 3656 admissions in gynecological unit II. So for risk factors were concerned all patient were anemic, 90.86% patients were unbooked and 64.34% patients arrived in university hospital after being from more than one station. 56.08 %patients had frequent vaginal examination[more than five], 54.78 % patients were delivered at home, 48.26% patients were with prolong rupture of membrane [>6hrs], and 46.52% cases with prolong labour. 16.95% patients were admitted with altered consciousness and mortality rate was 21.68%

Conclusion: The study concluded that puerperal sepsis was preventable in majority of cases. Maternal mortality due to puerperal sepsis was very high with 21.68%

Urinary tract infection frequency and pattern in patients with diabetes mellitus

To determine the frequency and pattern of urinary tract infection in patients with diabetes mellitus. Descriptive case series study. February 2009 to July 2009. Department of medicine at Liaquat University Hospital]. All patients >/= 18 years of age, of either gender were known diabetes for >/= 2 years duration. The infection was labeled when>5/hpf leukocyte in urine and growth of organism on urine for C/S. The blood sugar and hemoglobin A1C [HbA1C] was also advised to evaluate the status of their diabetes i.e. control or poorly control. During study period total 150 diabetic patients were evaluated for urinary tract infection, of which 92[61%] had UTI. Out of ninety two 80[87%] had diabetes type 2 and 12[13%] were diabetes type 1. The female gender was predominant. The mean +/- SD for age of patients with type 2 and type 1 diabetes mellitus was 53.52 +/- 10.74 and 20.77 +/- 1.65 whereas the mean random blood sugar level in patients with type 2 and 1 diabetes was 232.85 +/- 5.87 and 288.99 +/- 7.87. The mean +/- SD for duration of diabetes type 2 and 1 was 4.77 +/- 2.31 and 2.56 +/- 1.42. The isolated microorganism were Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Proteus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella, Enterobacteriaceae and C.albicans. The urinary tract infection is more prevalent in patients with diabetes mellitus